Abstract: The upland rice has the characteristics of strong drought tolerance and wide adaptability. Cultivating high yield and high quality upland rice could solve the contradiction between the decrease of available arable land, the shortage of food, the shortage of water resources and the increase of population in China. It is of great significance to realize the sustainable development of agriculture, guarantee the national food security. Upland rice has a bright future in the environment of water shortage and serious desertification in China. The article mainly elaborated on the current situation of upland rice cultivation at home and abroad, and the research and improvement progress of upland rice drought tolerance.

Key words: upland rice, planting status, germplasm resources, drought tolerance

摘要： 旱稻具有耐旱性强、适应性广的特点，培育高产、优质的旱稻，能够解决我国可用耕地面积减少、粮食不足、水资源匮乏和人口增加的矛盾，对实现农业可持续发展、保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义，具有广阔的发展前景。本文主要阐述了旱稻在国内外的种植现状以及旱稻的耐旱性研究与改良进展。

关键词: 旱稻, 种植现状, 种质资源, 耐旱性